staying healthy in winter and spring

After months of UK cold weather – facing rain, wind, sleet and snow – many of us are already planning our spring outfits or looking forward to spending more time outside. Since Jack Frost is no longer freezing our noses and fewer of us are huddled together inside, it’s easy to assume that winter sniffles are a problem of tomorrow.

However, Sue Hampshire, associate medical director St John AmbulanceWarns that despite the first signs of spring, seasonal bugs and diseases are still affecting many people.

“The cold weather is not over yet,” she says. “So it is still important to keep an eye on people who may be vulnerable and, where possible, make sure they are safe and well.

“Ask yourself – have you seen them recently? Are their lights on? These are simple but important questions to keep in mind.”

While viruses spread more easily in cold weather – and even less so when we’re not in such close contact with each other – it’s still important to recognize the symptoms. Doing this can help stop its spread, help you recover more quickly and be less likely to spread the disease to others.

Recognizing symptoms early not only helps you get back on your feet – it keeps your community healthy.

Hampshire explains that the most common bugs people get this time of year are colds, coughs and flu. Since these vary in how serious they are and how easily they spread, it’s important to understand the difference – to protect yourself and help protect the health of those around you.

Recognizing Cold Symptoms

The common cold spreads when tiny germs spread into the air when you cough or sneeze.

Cold usually starts with blocked or runny nose and frequent sneezing. You may have a scratchy or sore throat, a cough, and a fever, making you feel generally under the weather.

You may also experience muscle pain, loss of taste or smell, facial pressure, or sinus discomfort, and, in some cases, a fever.

Hampshire advises that if you do catch a cold, you should prioritize plenty of rest and fluids.

“If you have a fever or feel unwell, stay home and avoid contact with others,” she says. “If necessary, take paracetamol or ibuprofen. A warm lemon and honey drink can soothe a sore throat.”

Recognizing Flu Symptoms

The flu (influenza) may seem like a severe cold at first, but it is usually more acute and develops very quickly. In addition to cold-like symptoms, you may experience extreme tiredness (fatigue), sickness (nausea), loss of appetite, headache and, in some cases, diarrhea.

Since flu is caused by a virus, antibiotics will not help treat it. The safest way is to stay home and rest until you recover.

“Sleep, stay warm, drink plenty of water, and take pain relief if needed,” says Hampshire.

Recognizing Norovirus Symptoms

Norovirus – often called the ‘winter vomiting bug’ – is actually more contagious than both the cold and the flu. Despite its name, you can get it at any time of the year.

This stomach virus spreads through contact with infected stool. You can catch it by being near an infected person, touching contaminated surfaces or objects, eating food prepared by an infected person, or consuming contaminated food or water.

“If you have norovirus, symptoms may include feeling sick, being sick, diarrhea, aches and pains, and a high temperature,” says Hampshire. “To avoid dehydration you should rest and drink plenty of fluids, taking small sips if you feel sick.”

She recommends you stay home until you are no longer sick or have diarrhea for at least two days. Most people find that their symptoms begin to subside within two to three days.

Although it’s impossible to completely avoid common viruses, there are some steps you can take to protect your health.

Hampshire suggests keeping your vaccinations up to date, staying warm, making sure your home is well-insulated, and checking that your appliances are secure.

“We recognize that many people are currently experiencing financial difficulties,” notes Hampshire. “If this applies to you, look for libraries or churches that offer both warmth and fellowship.”

You can also check your local council’s website for nearby hot spots or community centres. Welcome to UK Another useful resource for finding places to stay warm in your area.

“It is useful to have over-the-counter medications in case of ill health,” says Hampshire. “This includes painkillers and cold and cough remedies.”